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Click one for hint, twice for full word
rinse off
Meaning: To wash away dirt or unwanted material with water.
Example: Early humans knew water could rinse off mud from their hands.
guarded closely
Meaning: To protect or keep secret very carefully.
Example: Soap makers in Europe guarded their trade secrets closely.
luxury item
Meaning: A product considered expensive and not essential, often only affordable to the wealthy.
Example: Soap was regarded as a luxury item until the 19th century.
tint hair
Meaning: To color or dye hair with a substance.
Example: Ancient Germans and Gauls used soap mixtures to tint their hair red.
strigil
IPA: /ˈstrɪdʒ.ɪl/ (UK & US)
Meaning: A curved metal instrument used in ancient Greece and Rome to scrape oil and dirt from the skin.
Meaning: A curved metal instrument used in ancient Greece and Rome to scrape oil and dirt from the skin.
Example: Greeks anointed themselves with oil and scraped it off with a strigil.
aqueduct
IPA: /ˈæk.wɪ.dʌkt/ (UK), /ˈæk.wə.dʌkt/ (US)
Meaning: A structure built to carry water from one place to another, often used in Roman engineering.
Meaning: A structure built to carry water from one place to another, often used in Roman engineering.
Example: Roman baths were supplied with water from aqueducts built around 312 BC.
soda ash
IPA: /ˈsəʊ.də æʃ/ (UK), /ˈsoʊ.də æʃ/ (US)
Meaning: Sodium carbonate, an alkali used in soap making and glass production.
Meaning: Sodium carbonate, an alkali used in soap making and glass production.
Example: Nicolas Leblanc patented a process for producing soda ash in 1791.
glycerine
IPA: /ˈɡlɪs.ər.iːn/ (UK), /ˈɡlɪs.ɚ.iːn/ (US)
Meaning: A sweet, thick liquid formed as a byproduct of soap making, used in medicine and cosmetics.
Meaning: A sweet, thick liquid formed as a byproduct of soap making, used in medicine and cosmetics.
Example: Chevreul’s studies revealed the relationship between fats, glycerine, and fatty acids.
Other Listening Exercises
Cambridge 15 Listening Test 3 - Section 4
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